GLOBAL PROSPECTS FOR BIOENERGY SECTOR

Abstract

The aim of the work is to analyze some global scenarios for bioenergy development, including the development in certain sectors, as well as to identify priority areas for bioenergy in Ukraine. Today, bioenergy is a world leader in renewable energy, playing a significant role in replacing fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Over the last twenty years, the global primary energy supply from biomass and biofuels has tripled and reached more than 10% of the total primary energy supply, accounting for almost 70% of the contribution of all renewable sources. The International Renewable Energy Agency predicts that by 2050, renewable energy sources could account for 60% or more of the total final energy consumption of many countries. The share of biomass in the global final consumption of renewable energy might be almost half in 2030 and 40% in 2050. According to the International Energy Agency, starting from 2030, one can expect to use only modern bioenergy technologies with increasing consumption of modern biomass up to about 100 EJ in 2050. For Ukraine, the priority areas seem to be combined heat and power production from biomass, as well as production of biomethane for the direct replacement of natural gas and carbon-neutral balancing of the energy system with a high share of renewable sources. For the thermal energy sector, the introduction of modern boilers and CHP plants running mainly on agricultural biomass is recommended. For the transport sector, prospects are the production of first and second generation liquid biofuels, as well as biomethane from biomass obtained in compliance with sustainability criteria.