ROLE OF BIOFUELS IN TRANSPORT SECTOR DECARBONIZATION
Abstract
The purpose of the work is to develop recommendations for the development of production and consumption of bioethanol and diesel biofuel in Ukraine as a component of the general process of the transport sector decarbonization. The production of motor biofuels in the world has been growing during the last decades. Today, the volume of global production of biodiesel and bioethanol is about 190 billion liters per year, which is ten times more than in 2000. In addition to motor biofuels for road and waterborne transport, there is also in the world the production of biofuels for the aviation sector – sustainable aviation fuels. Today, the volume of their production is relatively small, but the growth dynamics is quite good. The opportunities for using alternative fuels with low or zero carbon content in marine transport are investigated. Since the end of 2019, the EU has been implementing the European Green Deal, the goal of which is to achieve zero net emissions of greenhouse gases by 2050. One of the important prerequisites for this is the fulfillment of the target set for transport, namely to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 90% by 2050. The climate policy of Ukraine is aimed at systematic reducing greenhouse gas emissions, transitioning to low-carbon development, and increasing the share of energy produced from renewable and low-carbon sources in the structure of the total final energy consumption. The development of renewable energy sources, including biofuels consumption growth in transport, is one of the means of achieving the country's strategic climate and energy goals. Ukraine has a considerable potential for the production of motor biofuels of the first and second generations, which is sufficient to meet its own needs and also be exported. An urgent task for the country is the practical development of the production of motor biofuels. This includes increasing the production of bioethanol and resuming the production of diesel biofuel. It is recommended that a strategy for the production of advanced biofuels in Ukraine should be elaborated, which will include intensive research and development activity. At the first stages of its implementation, this sector may require certain financial benefits or government subsidies.
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