THE INFLUENCE OF COMBUSTIBLE COM-PONENTS OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE ON THE THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RDF
Abstract
One of the ways to solve the problem of accumulation of municipal solid waste is the use of its combustible components in the form of fuel. Refuse derived fuel (RDF) is an alternative solid fuel. It contains the combustible part of non-hazardous municipal or industrial waste left after the separation of secondary raw materials. The efficiency of using of RDF is determined by experimental research of its characteristics in the process of thermal decomposition. The kinetics of thermal destruction of samples of fuel and its components were investigated by methods of thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis. The heat of combustion is determined by the standard method for solid fuels. Combustible components of municipal solid waste were investigated. These are various types of paper and cardboard, polymer and textile materials, leather and wood. Four RDF compositions were developed and investigated based on these components. As a result, the thermal characteristics of the fuels were determined, namely the temperatures characterizing the stages of destruction, the moisture and ash content of the samples, the heat of combustion and the rate of thermal decomposition of organic substances. It was found that all RDF samples are characterized by a three-stage destruction: dehydration and thermal decomposition of organic and mineral substances. It was determined that the thermal decomposition of organic substances in fuel samples has a staged nature. The decomposition of organic matter occurs in three stages, which differ in rate and value of thermal effects. It was found that polyethylene in the RDF composition determines the high calorific value of the fuel and the powerful release of volatile products of thermal decomposition. This improves combustion kinetics. Polyethylene terephthalate has a similar effect on the decomposition kinetics of RDF, but has a significantly lower heat of combustion compared to polyethylene. It was established that a high content of cardboard causes an increased ash content of the fuel. The analysis of the conducted research made it possible to propose variants of the composition of RDF with satisfactory thermal characteristics.
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