BIOETHANOL AS A STRATEGICALLY IMPORTANT FACTOR IN ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY OF UKRAINE
Abstract
The article provides a review of literature on the problem of improving motor fuels by adding bioethanol to gasoline with subsequent cavitation treatment of this mixture. A review and analysis of literature data on the processing of lignocellulosic raw materials and its waste into fuel bioethanol and the possibility of its use in a mixture with gasoline for internal combustion engines in the conditions of the Ukrainian economy are conducted. The use of rotary-pulsation devices developed at the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for mixing and homogenizing gasoline-alcohol solutions in order to increase their stability and prevent stratification is proposed.
The most common is the addition of bioethanol to gasoline in concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 %, which does not affect the operation of the internal combustion engine and allows significantly reducing exhaust emissions.
The main difficulty in the production of second-generation bioethanol lies in the conversion of lignocellulosic raw materials, which involves the separation of cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose. The Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine has proposed innovative heat and mass exchange equipment to intensify this process.
The other problem of the full use of bioethanol in the preparation of fuel mixtures (gasoline-bioethanol) is their stratification during long-term storage. The literature suggests the use of various types of cavitation devices to solve this problem. The Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine has developed a special design of a rotary-pulsation apparatus (RPA) designed for mixing and homogenizing gasoline-alcohol solutions in order to increase their stability and prevent stratification.
Given the important role of bioethanol, it is advisable to adopt legislative initiatives that will have a simultaneous positive effect on several sectors of the economy. This will reduce the state's dependence on energy imports, increase the potential of the agricultural sector, provide additional impetus to the processing industry, and strengthen Ukraine's position in achieving environmental aims.
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