PROSPECTS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PtG CONCEPT IN UKRAINE
Abstract
The article attempts to systematize the processes and technologies for converting (accumulating) electrical energy into a gas energy-intensive product (the PtG concept), implemented today in the world. The first step on this path is the production of hydrogen by electrolysis of water. The second step is the production of methane in a mixture with other gases and impurities - synthetic methane and biogas (including landfill and sludge gas). In addition, finally, the third step is the purification of synthetic methane and biogas from harmful impurities, the separation of carbon dioxide and its methanation, bringing the final product (synthetic natural gas and biomethane) to natural gas condition. Obtaining a synthetic universal gas energy carrier - biomethane has become today the main direction of development and the task of improving alternative renewable energy. The creation of a developed network of gas generating stations of small and medium capacity (depending on the available local resource base) can be considered as a tool for accomplishing this task. These stations can be combined into a single energy system using existing electrical and gas transmission networks. The key problems that need to be solved to implement this PtG concept are: improving and reducing the cost of the hydrogen production process, developing and improving methanation technologies, studying the impact of bioenergy on the environment, creating the legislative and regulatory framework necessary to support and stimulate the development of bioenergy. In Ukraine, developments are being carried out in all these areas. The reviews of foreign studies have shown that for Ukraine the most preferable and promising way to implement the PtG concept is the way of obtaining biomethane using the huge bioresources existing in the country.
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