MODERN WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR THERMAL POWER ENGINEERING
Abstract
This article presents an overview of new technologies water treatment for powering industrial enterprises. The main requirement is the absence of hardness salts, iron and dissolved gases. These criteria used for analyze the advantages and disadvantages of traditional and innovative technologies. Among them, membrane technologies compared and evaluated, which include ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, and ion exchange. In addition, baromembrane methods, electrodeionization, water treatment technology, including prefiltration and, as a significant alternative, acoustic methods using high-frequency ultrasonic generators and hydrodynamic cavitation are considered. Technologies that involving using of various chemical reagents also reviewed. On its basis, using complex processing with involvement of innovative approaches were priority. In this area, we propose devices created at the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, which is effective at the treatment of water for powering industrial enterprises. This equipment has based on the principle of discrete-pulse energy input. Its implementation in the proposed equipment allows intensifying heat and mass transfer reactions, as well as chemical. In particular, using of aeration and oxidation equipment rotor type with a productivity of 20-40 m3/hour compared to other devices allows reducing energy consumption by 15–20 times and intensify the process of preparing water. Additionally, installation for neutralization of condensate with a productivity of up to 450 m3/h, consumes no more than 3.75 kWh of electricity. At the same time almost complete removal dissolved gases from water occurs during the first two minutes of processing. Therefore, the proposed equipment is efficient, energy saving and ecological safety for use in water treatment technologies for powering industrial enterprises.
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